I like to do something = I generally enjoy doing it - Ex.: I like to sing. I would like to do something = I want to do it - Ex.: I would like to sing a song.

Not exactly. "I like to..." is used for things you do and enjoy: I like to swim, I like to read. "I'd (I would) like to..." is for things you want to do, but haven't done yet: I would like to go to the beach tomorrow.

I'd like to <- unreal condition