There is no difference of being formal nor nice, nor depending on the situation. With my few knowlegde about English, I think the translation of the two answers are the same, "I like chicken", however, each one includes a amall difference of the feeling.
魚が好きですか。Do you like fish?
鶏肉は好きです。(No, I don't, but) I like chicken.
This answer imagines us this person somply wants to say "I like chicken (comparing with fish)".
魚が好きですか。Do you like fish?
鶏肉なら好きです。(No, I don't, but) I like chicken.
This answer imagines us this person wants to say "I like chicken (if I can talk/request about other food)".
I hope this was helpful and please wait for better answers.