This is somewhat dependent on the region.
* In the American northern Midwest, we use "freeway" in conversation when we say "I'm going to take the freeway to get to John's house." However, we use "highway" when giving the specific name of the road as in "I'm taking Highway 94 to get to John's house." Additionally, news reporters might offer more detail, "Interstate Highway 94 is congested with heavy traffic."
* In the American Northeast, we almost never use "freeway," but instead "route," or "parkway."
* I could be wrong, but I believe the other options are more common to use in England and other countries that are more heavily influenced by British English.