It could mean literally 'the air' or 'the atmosphere'
1. 공기 다른 곳에서도(Even at a place that has different atmosphere), 이 노래는 들으면 기분이 좋아질 거예요. (you will feel better if you listen to this song)
2. 공기 다른 곳에서도 오염은 심해요. (Even at a place that air quality is different, pollution is severe.)