"Если" is a general way to say "if". Если А, то В. = If A, then B.
Если будет хорошая погода, мы пойдем гулять. = If the weather is nice, we'll go for a walk.
Если ты не против. = If you're ok with it.
"Если бы" is used for past tense or subjunctive mood.
Если бы я знал! = If only I knew!
Если бы я его увидел, то сказал бы тебе. = If I saw him, I would tell you.
Если бы ты позвонил, я бы пришел. = If you had called me, I would have come.
"Ли" is closer to "whether".
Я не знаю, придет ли он. = I don't know if he will come. / I don't know whether he will come.