Sentence structure:
The parts of a sentence are the subject, verb,object, complement and adverbial.
A statement begins with the subject and the verb. There are five main structures which we can use to make a simple statement:
1/ SUBJECT + VERB:
The baby is crying.
2/ SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT:
I need a rest.
3/ SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT:
The bag is heavy.
It was a big problem.
The complement can be an adjective (e.g. heavy) or a noun phrase (e.g. a big problem).
The complement often comes after be. It can also come after 'appear', 'become', 'get', f'eel', 'look', 'seem', 'stay' or 'sound': 'She looks happy.'
4/ SUBJECT + VERB + ADVERBIAL:
It is on the table.
Their house is nearby.
An adverbial can be a prepositional phrase (e.g. on the table) or an adverb (e.g. nearby).
5/ SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT + OBJECT
'He bought her a present.'
We use two objects after verbs like give, send, buy, etc.