If you look at some of the definitions, there is no difference. Be careful of trusting dictionaries too much. These days, 'chauvinism' refers almost entirely to men believing that men are better than women. It used to be called 'male chauvinism', but it's been reduced to simply 'chauvinism'. Dictionaries often show this meaning, but further down the list of definitions. Jingoism, on the other hand, is a rarely-used word that means a person believes their country can do no wrong, and is often very aggressive and threatening to other countries in response to any issues. I'd rather not offend anyone, so I won't point to any examples :P Every country has its share of citizens who are jingoistic.