Cute script.
1. why when Monica screams and pushes everybody to hurry up with the preparation, chandler says she should have “german subtitles”? what does it have to do with Germans and subtitles?
After World War II, there were a number of American movies that showed stereotypes of German army officers with time-obsessed and bossy behaviour.
- We've only got 12 hours and 36 minutes left. (time-obsessed - Not "12 hours" but "12 hours and 36 minutes")
- Move, move, move! (bossy, inappropriate in most situations)
2a. why monica thinks phoebe wants her to cry?
Monica means "why are you reminding me of this impossible situation ... I should cry because it is impossible."
2b. why phoebe calls her “Sir” in a kind of “soldier answers their officer” way?
She calls her sir as a reinforcement of Monica's bossy army officer image.
3. what does “give me away” here mean?
Traditionally at weddings, the father of the bride "gives" her away to her new husband (to indicate that she is leaving her parents' home and going to her husband's home).
4. I know the expression “to hell with them”, does “the hell with them” have the same meaning?
Yes
5. “back on” means “back on schedule?”
No - It means back on plan. The wedding "is off" (cancelled). The wedding "is back on" (not cancelled).
6. Both “peel” and “chop” are ways in cooking, what about “devil”, I don’t think it has anything to do with the cooking, does it?
Here, devil indicates anger and frustration and it is a polite replacement for swear words (s***, f***, and damn) that aren't normally said on shows for the general public.
Note the reference to the lost two minutes (more of the time-obsessed German army officer stereotype).