It's the past tense. So it means "passed".

"Kyoto o sugita tokoro"

"tokoro" means "the point(place or time)".

So "Kyoto o sugita tokoro" means "on the point where I passed Kyoto".

"Ima Kyoto O sugita tokoro desuyo."

Word-for-Word: "Now I'm on the point where I passed Kyoto!"

Sense of the sentence: "I've just passed Kyoto!"

You got it?!