过 = "experience" Added to a verb, it refers to the experience of something, very similar to the English "have done". I say "similar", because it is not exactly the same. 我学过汉语 = the experience of learning, i.e. have learned or learned, depending on context 你去过美国没有. the experience of going, i.e. have been

过means"过去"，in english we can say had ever done something

it means ' have done' eg. 吃饭 have dinner 吃过饭 have had dinner 睡过觉，上过学，学过汉语，去过美国，读过书 etc.

”我学过汉语“，”过“指在时间上已经发生。你去过美国吗？”过“也表示时间上已经发上？like "Have u been China?"你去过中国吗？

过 after verbs shows the result of the actions