how to remember 「動詞 て形」in Janpanese?
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If you are making te-form from masu-form, and the verb is not irregular("kimasu" and "shimasu" ) nor ichidan-verb("-emasu" and several "-imasu"), sing this song along with the melody of "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star" :
Twinkle, twinkle,little star,
i-chi-ri-tte, Mi-bi-nde,
How I wonder what you are!
Shi-shite, Ki-ite, Gi-ide.
This song tells the relationship between the letter before "masu" and te-form.
If the verb has "i","chi" or "ri" before "masu", put "tte".
(Kai-masu -> katte)
If the verb has "mi" or "bi", put "nde."
(Yomi-masu ->Yonde).
If the verb has "shi" , put "shite".
(Keshi-masu->keshite)
If the verb has "ki", put "ite".
(Kikimasu->kiite)
If it has "gi", put "ide".
(Oyogimasu->oyoide)
Note "Ikimasu" is exception for te-form.
Ikimasu-> itte.
Irregular is irregular, so you must just memorize.
Kimasu->kite
Shimasu->shite
If it's ichidan-verb(group II in most textbooks), simply take off "masu" and put "te".
Tabe-masu-> Tabete
Mi-masu -> Mite
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The following webpage contains a number of grammatical concepts in Japanese (written in English):
http://homepage3.nifty.com/jgrammar/index.htm
From there, please click into "The Verbal Conjugation" under the section of "Verbs, Adjectival Verbs, Auxiliary Verbs". Then, you look for the term "past - participle" in all those verb tables, and you would be able to obtain the relevant information.
Additionally, please kindly notice the correct spelling of the word "Japanese".
Take care and good day. / 気をつけて、そして 良い一日を。
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There are many charts online that you can print and study. That's how I memorized て form. :]
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