العربية: الحال 1) He was reading while he was concentrating him a lot. قَرَأ كِتابةً يُرَكِّبُ عليه جدا 2) The teacher went in carrying the books in his hands. دخل المعلمُ يَحْمِلُ كُتُبًا في يَدَيْن 3) My friends left the house running تَرَكَ أصْدِقائي البيتَ يَرْكُضُونَ 4) He was making sport while he was swimming every day in the swimming pool. عمل رِياضةً يَسْبَحُ كل يوم في المَسْبَح 5) He was preparing the meal while he was stirring it steadily. يَحْضُرُ الطّعامَ يُقَلِّبُه باسْتِمْرار

فارسى : جملهه ها 1) A big country has much more possibilities than a small one. كشورِ بزرگى بسيار امكانها را از كوچكى دارد 2) Are there any trees? آيا آنجا درختهايى هستند؟ 3) Do you have money? آيا پول دارى؟ 4) I need a paper and a pen. كأغذ و مدادى را لازم دارم 5) They want to buy a car. مى خواهند اتومبيل بخرند 6) A certain man in a certain situation would do it differently. شخصى در وضعى اين كار را متفاوت انجام مى دهد

Türkçe: Yardımınız ihtiyacım var 1) The man who is smoking the pipe is the brother of İsmail. Düdüğü içen adam İsmail’in kardeşi. 2) The woman whose mother lives in the village works as a lawyer. Annesi köyde yaşan kadın avukat olarak çalışıyor. 3) The presents which he brought to me I didn’t like. Onun getirdiği hediyeler hoşuma gitmedi. 4) The chef whose workers are very hard-working is 36 years old. Elemanları çok çalışkan müdür otuz altı yaşında. 5) The sister who is working at the factory in İstanbul has married a man from İzmir. İstanbul’un bir fabrikada çalışan abla İzmir’den adamla evlenmişti.

Türkçe: Relative clauses. Can someone take a look, thank you! 1) You are wondering what they will tell you. Sana ne söyleyeceksiniz merak ediyorsun. 2) The doctor doesn’t know what the patient wants. Doktor hastanın ne istediğini bilmiyor. 3) The police knows who had stolen the bag. Polis çantanın kim çaldığını biliyor. 4) He asks where Ahmet went. Ahmet’in nereye gittiğini soruyor. 5) I don’t know from where these people are. Bunların insan nereden olduğunu bilmiyorum. 6) Her father knows exactly with whom she meets. Babası onun kiminle buluştuğunu doğru ( ya tam?) biliyor. 7) Your brother knows whom you doesn’t like. Senin kimi sevmediğini kardeşin biliyor. 8) The question is who wrote you this letter. Bunun bu mektup kim yazılacağı sorusudur.

بعضى جمله ها به فارسى ١) روزهاى جمعه هميشه دير بلند مى شويم ٢) متأسفانه نمى توانم شنا كنم ٣) كجا به دنيا آمديد و كى؟ ٤) آبجويتان را بنوشيد! گرم مى شود ٥) اين دفعه بسته پستى را با پست هوايى فرستاده ام ٦) خواهرش نتوانست به آنجا رفته باشد زيرا بيمار بود ٧) زبان مادرى شما چيست؟ ٨) اينجا كى معلم رشته ادبيات ايرانى است؟ ٩) او هنوز هم در بيمارستان است؟ - بله، سه هفته است كه بيمار شد ١٠) اتومبيل ندارد با اتوبوس مى رود ١١) ميوه فروش در خيابان ما زنى خيلى پير بود ١٢) خيلى متأسفم امروز ممكن نيست آنكار را كنم (I am sorry, but I will not be able to do this today) ١٣) هيچ وقت ندارم كتابها را بخوانم ١٤) هواى اينجا بد است. آيا نمى توانيم پنجره را كمى باز كنيم؟

(American English): Usage of modals. Exercise. Situations. What would you say in the following situations? Use modal expressions in your answers. Choose the more polite alternatives in situations where you don't know somebody well. 1) A friend of yours is going on vacation to Sri Lanka. Tell her it's advisable to take anti-malaria tablets with her. --> You should take anti-malaria tablets with you. 2) You are sitting in a crowded bus. A pregnant woman gets on the bus. You offer her your seat. --> You can sit here./ You can have my place. 3) You're in a car with John. He is talking all the time and doesn't notice that he is turning into a street with a no entry sign - it's a one-way street. --> You shouldn't talk while you are driving./ You should've been better watching where you were driving. 4) You recently saw a Sci-Fi movie 'Invasion of the Blob Monsters'. Tell your friend Steve that is absolutely necessary that he sees it. --> You must watch it./ You must see this. 5) Your elderly parents would like to visit you in New Zealand, but they are very nervous about changing planes in Singapore or Sydney. Tell them it's not necessary to change - there are direct flights available. --> You don't have to change, you can fly directly. 6) The small but dynamic company you work for has got a lucrative contract. The staff have spontaneously decided to go out and celebrate at an Indian restaurant. A new colleague, Ye Liu, is hesitant. You don't know him very well, but you want to encourage him to come with you. --> You may come with us./ You should come with us. 7) You are in a bar with Jim, your best friend. He is going to the bartender to order the next round of drinks. You'd like some chips. What do you say to him? --> Could you order some chips for me?/ Could you bring me some chips? 8) You are Jim, getting the round of drinks. Ask the rest of the people you're buying the drinks for if they want you to get some chips as well. --> Would you also like some chips?/ Should I bring you something?

تمرين عن الإضافة عنوانُ صديقتي القديمُ ( the old address of my friend (f.)) مكتبُ رئيسٍ جديدٍ القديمُ ( the old bureau of the new president) مكتبُ موظّفٍ ( bureau of an employee) ملكٌ مِنْ مُلُوكِ العالمِ العربيِّ ( one of the kings of the Arabic world) بيتٌ من بيوتِ مدينةِ الجميلُ ( one of the beautiful houses of the city) رئيسُ الوفدِ العربيِّ و أعضائهُ ( the chief and the members of the Arabic delegation) شنطةُ معلمِ الجديدةُ ( the new bag of a teacher) مسرحٌ من مسارحِ العاصمةِ ( one of the theaters of the capital) معالمُ مِصْرَ الكثيرةُ (the many sightseengs of Egypt) موظفونَ مكتبِ سياحةِ و رؤسائها ( the employees and the managers of the tourist firm) عضوُ الفودِ ( member of a delegation) مكاتبُ موظَّفي المكتبِ السياحةِ (the bureaus of the employees of the tourist firm) سيارةُ طالبِ عربيِّ ( a car of an arabian student) مسرحُ المدينةِ و بيوتُها ( the theater and the houses of the city) مدرسون جامعةِ عاصمةٍ و طلابها (the assistant professors and the students of the university of the capital) تحياتُ صديقِ المخلصةُ (the warm greetings of the friend) مسرحياتُ مسرحِ مدينةِ الجديدةُ ( the new theater plays of the city theater)

درباره دكتر محمد معين سابق بر اين درباره دكتر محمد معين هيچ چيز ندانستم. دكتر محمد معين كى بود؟ او از همه بزرگتر دانشمند زبان فارسى بود. محمد معين در سال ١٢٩٧ هجرى شمسى در شهر رشت به دنيا آمد. كودكيش ساده نبود. ولى او نخواست دست بكشيد و در مدرسه و دبيرستان پر كارتر و بهترين از همه شد. در سال ١٣١٠ در دانش سارى عالى در رشته ى ادبيات و فلسفه و علوم تربيتى ثبت نام كرد. آنجا زبانها ى مختلف ياد مى گرفت و در پايان زندگى او زياد زبانها را مى توانست حرف بزد از جمله پهلوى، اوستا، عربى و بسيار ديگرى. مدتى در بروكسل در بلژيك تحصيل كرد. و بعد از آن به ايران بر گشت. دكتر محمد معين يك نويسنده آثار متعدد است و او دو لغتنامه بزرگ زبان فارسى نوشت. او در سال ١٣٥٠ در تهران مرد.