What does this sentence mean/ "Jib e khali, poz e ali"

My textbook defines چه مدتی as "How long?" Does this refer to length of time, distance, or both?

Are there any differences in usage between چون, زیرا, or برای اینکه ?

Is it more common to use پت or حیوان خانگی ?

Is there a distinction between مطلب and مقاله ? My book defines both as "article".

How does چاق differ from اضافه وزن ?

What is the difference (if any) between دماغ and بینی ?

مربی مسن فوتبال نگران و مضطر است The textbook glossary defines both negaran and moztareb as "worried". Is there a difference between them? Is it common to use both conjoined by vav?

غضه می خورد...Does this literally mean he is eating grief? o_0