I go to school is correct. Also, 'as soon as' cannot be used at the end of a sentence. There must be more, for example, 'as soon as I could' or 'as soon as it was possible'.

You should say “I go to school”, You don’t use articles when generalizing, here you talk about school in general, you haven’t identified a school in particular. However, you can say: “I go to the school next to my home”, here it is not any school but the one next your home, so you identified it. Articles are rather tricky and can have exceptions, I suggest you look for example on the Cambridge Dictionary website if you want further explanations.