It depends on the emphasis. For example: 

a) I played it once (in the past) but I didn't like it.  I am not interested in playing it again.

b) I have played it once (at some point in my life).  I am not sure if I will play it again - who knows?

In b), you could also use "played" (past simple) and many US English speakers prefer this option. Either is correct.

In a), it would feel a little unnatural for native speakers to use the present perfect because of the inconsistency with the tense of "didn't like".