ماذا تفعل ؟

If you want to ask him about his health or his mood : " ما عملت ؟ " Ma 3melt ?

ماذا تعمل؟ ماهو عملك؟

it depends on the context if you want to know what is he doing in his life ماذا تفعل في حياتك Maadha taf3alu fi 'hayatik = what do you do in your life :D

ما هي وظيفتك أو مهنتك؟