1. In a sense, 自豪 is equivalent to 骄傲。
我为我的家乡而感到自豪/骄傲。 (both are right)
2. 骄傲 also can mean someone feeling conceited and arrogant自以为了不起,看不起别人,"骄傲自满" is one of such expressions.
such idoms like"骄傲自大"
John 骄傲自大,目中无人,一点都不受大家的欢迎。
3. 得意,such as "春风得意" which shows a person extremely proud of his success or achievement; I think it is derived from the old Chinese poem "春风得意马蹄疾”
比如说,"Jason 最近在公司晋升了,他近来真是春风得意,事事顺心。"
再比如,"他通过了考试,一副得意的样子。" (He is pleased and content with himself.)