It depends on context. ex: a: Have you been to Spain?( usually we say "Have you ever been to Spain) b :Yeh, I went there last year a: I waited for you for 3 hours ! Where have you been?! b: Sorry, I was at the mall with my friends. a : Throughout my life I've travelled to 3 countries. Where have you been? b: I've been to Spain and France Notice that you only use the have been tense when you are not referring to a specific time

"I have been in Spain" or "I have been to Spain".

" Have you been " is a present perfect tense and the second answer is in the simple past tense "I was ". That's why it's not correct. You should answer with "I have been at ... " I hope it's clear now. If you have any questions more, feel free to ask me.