이미 한 일을 후회해도 소용(이) 없다.
Even if you regret what you did, it's useless.
이미 한 일을 후회해 봐야 소용없다.
In this case, 아/어/여 봐야 is added to describe subjunctive situation. And it is used to express the conditions whatever effort is made, the result can not be changed. So after 아/어/여야 clause, negative phrase is followed.
It means
Regardless of whether you regret what you did, it's useless.
후회해 봐야 puts more emphasis on "regret" than 후회해도.