拘留 dentention, is a decision made by (law enforcement )police 拘役 criminal detention , Criminal detention is the decision made by the court, which is not more than one year. 逮捕 arrest 有期徒刑 fixed time imprisonment. The term of imprisonment is the judgment made by the court

前两个是把人抓起来，是暴力机关的执法行为，后两个是司法审判后的量刑。前两个是arrest，后两个是prison sentence