In terms of the title, it is better to say, "Could you (or: anyone) help me whether the following sentences are correctly written?"
In part 1:
As it was pinpointed by other users, the conjugation of the verb "to be" was switched between Q.1 and Q.2, as milk (in Q.1) is considered "uncountable" liquid, while apples (in Q.2) are considered "countable" substances.
Statements given in Q.3~Q.6 and Q.10 look good.
In Q.7, although it is fine in spoken language, inversion is usually used when a question is posed. Thus, it is better to say, "Aren't there any bananas?"
In Q.8, it would be more polite to ask as "May I have some rice?", though the original statement is completely fine.
In Q.9, if one wants to emphasize the non-existence of any apples, they may answer as "No. There aren't any."
In Q.11, since bread is in general uncountable, one should say "I don't want any bread". If plural format is preferred, one may say "I don't want any pieces of bread".
In part 2:
The first respondent, Bob, has made very good explanations. In other words,
For a), "milk" is the odd word, as it is in liquid form in general, while the other two are in solid form.
For b), "tea" is the odd word [based on the argument as given in a)].
For c), "meat" is the odd word, as it is not a type of fruit, while the other two are.
For d), "meat" is the odd word, as it is not bread-based (made of grain), while the other two are.
For e), "rice" is the odd word, as it is plant-based product, while cheese the other two are products from animals.
For f), "sausage" is the odd word, as it is meat-based, while the other two are not.
[Alternative argument: "vegetable" is the odd word, as it is generally uncountable (N.B. "vegetables" means rather different types of vegetable), while the other two are generally countable.]
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I wish you a good day.