In genreal, a recipe is the set of instructions that you follow to make a dish. So it is just an alogorithm to arrive at the final solution ( the food you make). It dictates all the steps you need to follow to make the food and if you follow it diligently all the times then the end product would always be the same.

Yes, that's right.

Yes, you are right, a recipe is the instructions about how to cook a dish of food. They often include a list of ingredients, and how to mix or use the ingredients. Often there is a picture of the food as it is finished. Good luck in learning English!