I need answers to 7,10,11 questions

There are also rays of hope and human kindness penetrating the separation and isolation. I can't define (penetrating the separation and isolation) above in the sentence

What does "damp night" mean in this sentence below? Trying to start a campfire on a damp night

I can't define this idiom . What does "brief to the point " mean? brief to the point of rudeness

I can't define this sentence. The higher the former are the more developed the latter are.

what is the difference between these phrases? beat in and beat up

what is (on counting) in this sentence below? I can`t understand its meaning. Daniel remembers receiving a book on counting when he was four.

I can`t define this in the sentence below. (still present a year later) These improvements were still present a year later, leading some to believe that the change would be permanent.

what is right back in this sentence?is it a phrase?please give complete explanation to this sentence People who anxiously attach to others, however, either want a partner who is the exact opposite or one who will attach right back.