English uses "to" for both giving and talking: "give it to Amma", "say it to Amma". English speakers learn -kku for "to" and then translate directly, so they say "ammakku chodikku" for "ask Amma". That sounds wrong to a Malayali. In this episode: • The shapes • Speaking verbs: say, ask, talk • Feelings towards someone • -ode or -kku or -e? • With: together with someone • An invented scene: the quiet brother • Language bridge • Practice • Self-check questions with answers Key phrases from this episode: അമ്മയോട് (ammayodu) = to Amma (talking) അച്ഛനോട് (achanodu) = to Achan ചേച്ചിയോട് (chechiyodu) = to Chechi അവനോട് (avanodu) = to him അവളോട് (avalodu) = to her അവരോട് (avarodu) = to them, or to him or her respectfully എന്നോട് (ennodu) = to me നിന്നോട് (ninnodu) = to you (casual) നിങ്ങളോട് (ningalodu) = to you (polite) അമ്മയോട് ചോദിക്ക് (ammayodu chodikku) = ask Amma. അവനോട് പറയൂ (avanodu parayoo) = tell him. എന്നോട് പറ (ennodu para) = tell me (casual). അച്ഛനോട് സംസാരിച്ചു (achanodu samsaarichu) = I talked to Achan. എനിക്ക് അവനോട് ദേഷ്യം ഉണ്ട് (enikku avanodu deshyam undu) = I'm angry with him. എന്നോട് ക്ഷമിക്ക് (ennodu kshamikku) = forgive me. അവരോട് നന്ദി പറയൂ (avarodu nandi parayoo) = say thank you to them. അമ്മയുടെ കൂടെ പോയി (ammayude koode poyi) = I went with Amma. എന്റെ കൂടെ വാ (ente koode vaa) = come with me. Learn Spoken Malayalam at Home: a complete course in everyday spoken Malayalam for English speakers. Native Malayalam pronunciation, every phrase in Malayalam script, Manglish and English, plus a language bridge comparing Malayalam with other world languages. Listen, repeat out loud, then take the 52-question quiz. Audio voiced with AI from an original script by Dr. Rashmi R Nair.