through: from one side of something to the other - The bullet went through the wall. past something: Go through the gate and then you will see the building. by: how something is done - I travelled by plane. via: through a place - We went home via Paris.

I want to travel via plane - we would usually say "by" plane; "I travelled by plane from India to Europe via Turkey and I booked my ticket via the Internet" I want to travel by plane - your means of travel is the plane; "I go to work each day by taxi" I want to travel through plane - incorrect - "I want to travel by light plane through the United States; though that experience I will come to learn the geography of the country"

These prepositions are used in multiple contexts so it would be helpful if you gave some examples of where you have seen them and we can then try and explain what they mean in that context; otherwise, your dictionary is the most authoritative source for their meanings and use.