No, it isn't correct to say that- the question makes no sense. Here are some possible corrections: "What? Did you have to do this?" Here, the word "What?" is unconnected to the question - it's just a way of showing surprise or disbelief. I'm asking you if it was necessary for you to do this. It's a yes/no question "What did you have to do? This?" Here, the word "This" is not part of the question. I am asking you to tell me what you were required to do. As an example, I'm pointing to something ( perhaps a sheet of homework) and asking if 'This?' was what you had to do. Without the punctuation, the question is meaningless. Other possibilities are "Why did you have to do this?" ( tell me the reason), ""How did you have to do this?" (tell me the method), "Where did you have to do this?" (tell me the place). All of those make sense. The version what "What" is not possible.

This could go two ways. "What did you have to do with this?" or "Why did you have to do this?" Can you please explain what you are trying to communicate?