Hi alucky,
A general question about phrasal verbs is a huge question, so I'm not surprised people are daunted by it.
The thing is, in your examples B begins by being connected to A: eg. rob John(A) of his money(B). The "of" indicates "from" so there's always a meaning of taking B away from A in some way. In all cases, B is always the smaller removable part, and A stays as the focus. A is the possessor so you use "of". If your focus is on the smaller B, then you'd use a different verb, plus "from": eg. "liberate (or take, steal) the money from John".
Sorry not to provide a list - I also had a look, and searching for more examples was difficult because there are 2 elements in your examples and most phrasal verbs handle only one.