Underground railway system The table compares the data of underground railway networks between six cities from 1863 to 2001. Overall, the three older underground railway has a larger size and more flow volume of customers every year. Meanwhile, Paris has the longest length of the railway route, while Tokyo has the largest number of passengers per year. Looking at the information in more detail, we can see that London have the oldest and largest underground railway system among them, which opened in 1863, with 394 kilometers of route. The second old railway system was built in Paris, but have more passengers per year, at about 1200 million passengers. The third old railway system was Tokyo, although its length less than half of London’s railway(at only 155 kilometers), it has the largest customers flow volume, up to 1927 million customers per year. Now, looking at the three newer subway railways. The railway of Washington DC, which length of route less almost 30 kilometers than Tokyo’s, however, its customers number less than one-tenth of Tokyo’s. The second newest railway, Kyoto underground railway has the minimum length of route(at 11 kilometers) and the smallest number of passengers(at 45 million). The newest railway, which located in Los Angeles, opened in 2001, with 28 kilometers of the route and 50 passengers per year.

Water scarcity Nowadays, we are facing the threat of water scarcity. This essay will discuss the reasons behind that, and think about how to solve it. With the growth of population, the demand for water resources is tremendously increasing. Whatever agricultural, industrial, or domestic use of water has been rising at a dramatic rate. At the same time, some rivers, lakes, and seas are suffering pollution from frequent human activities. Also, improper use of water can be seen everywhere. Huge amounts of water are wasted by factories, farms, and families every day. Therefore, we should take some measures to solve the problem. The government should control the population growth rate for sustainable development. Meanwhile, those factories or individuals who cause a lot of water pollutants should be punished at heavily fined. As a citizen, we should try to more cherish water by doing things as simple as reusing the dirty water to flush the toilet, turning off the tap when we are brushing our teeth, etc.. And educational department should emphasis the shortage of freshwater, and make students care more about the use of water and reduce waste of water. In addition, scientific research on desalination technology should be encouraged and funded more. For example, scientists can focus on translating seawater to freshwater. In conclusion, there is a range of reasons for the lack of fresh water, such as the growth of population, water pollution, and the arbitrary use of freshwater resources. We should take some steps to ease the issue, like control the population growth rate, promote the academic research on alternative sources of freshwater, and most importantly, do some simple things to reduce the waste of water by ourselves.

Hotel service rating comparison The charts compare the data of feedback from visitors about the customer service at the Parkway hotel between 2005 and 2010, according to 100 questionnaires given by them. Overall, it is clear that the majority of guests regarded the service of the hotel was satisfactory or worse in 2005. However, when it came to 2010, the hotel service became better, and most guests gave a good above score. Looking at the information in more detail, we can see that in the year of 2005, up to 45% of customers only rated as satisfactory for the hotel. Meanwhile, there had even 21%, and 15% of guests considered the hotel’s customer service to be poor and very poor separately. And only a minor proportion got an excellent or good experience, which at 5% and 14% respectively. The situation improved a lot by 2010. As we can see, the largest proportion of feedback on hotel service was good. At the same time, 28% of consumers gave their best responses, compared with only 5% in 2005. The percentage of satisfactory comments dropped dramatically to only 17%. Most importantly, the proportions of bad user experiences(poor or very poor) had been inclined sharply to 12% and 4% respectively.

The influence of the news media The news media, such as newspapers, news magazines, television reports, and news media networks, form a necessary part of our life. From my perspective, I think the popularity of news media have both positive and negative effects. First of all, it is no doubt that news media can spread out important social events to citizens. It can play a significant role in transferring information and knowledge to the public. For example, people can learn the common sense of how to distinguish financial fraud from existing criminal cases. At the same time, people are curious about what happened in the surrounding. By acquiring different news, people can make better-informed decisions and improve their competitive advantages. For instance, people can choose their idea company by the prediction of the future of a corporation according to its recent behavior. However, on the other hand, the news might be controlled easily by some power person or consortium. Under the tempt and pressure, some media might choose to reported biased information and produce fake news. In this situation, citizens are very likely to be influenced by these biased views. And some false news can seriously affect the reputation of celebrities since most of us will be attracted to exaggerate fact. To conclude, the news report can be beneficial to the public by the functions of spread knowledge and satisfy curiosity. Meanwhile, we should be careful of some false reports, and these press should be punished by the law. News media should undertake their social responsibilities because they are so influential to our lives.

The impact of cheap airfares It is more and more common that air-plane tickets are sales at low prices. Some people argue that it has a lot of disadvantages. However, from my perspective, I think it is, overall, a positive development. First of all, it can improve the affordability of flights tickets. In the past, a vast majority of people unable to travel to many other countries because of the expensive flights. The low-cost flights can extremely give more people access to air travel and help them to save money. Secondly, low-budget flights can boost the growth of tourism. Compared to travel by car or by train, air trip can give tourists more freedom to wander their destinations and consume in the local, which due to the time-saving and cost-saving. This means that they can more enjoy the attractions that they wish to visit. Thirdly, traveling by flight also makes guests feel more comfortable than by other vehicles. There might be someones who argue that economy flight can not provide a sufficient cozy environment. In fact, the inexpensive flights provide the same seats as the seats located in regular flight in most case. Fourthly, some people might complain that cheap flight will consume more fuels and damages to the environment. Nevertheless, traveling by air are far more eco-friendly than by other transportation because passenger planes can carry more people than cars and coaches do. By summarize, cheap air trip can offer us affordable and comfortable experience, which can also dramatically promote the booming of tourism. At the same time, it also can be beneficial to the sustainable development of the Earth.

Should companies move to the suburbs? Nowadays it is tension to build up business in urban area due to the issues of traffic and housing. Therefore some people argue that it might better to move them to the rural area. In my opinion, relocating to the rural area has both advantages and disadvantages. First of all, it is evident that the urban area has more business opportunities. That is because the people who live in an urban area usually have more funds and demands. For example, the central city cinemas can appeal to more customer due to the high visitors flow rates. Besides, fewer people are willing to move to a rural area, which causes a lack of labor resources. It is common that urban area has more advance level of medicine and education, which leads most people to prefer to live and work in an urban area. On the other hand, if the business set up in an urban area that will bring up too many burdens to an enterprise. For example, the boss and investors need to afford the expensive place renting fees. At the same time, they also need to set higher wages than a rural area to compensate for the higher living costs of employees. Meanwhile, they are facing the problems of traffic jam in the urban area. Relatively, it is more comfortable to commute in the suburbs. The high housing fees also trouble for citizens, and it might ease the problem by moving to a rural area. In a nutshell, I think it should be considered carefully to choose a place to set up a business for the benefit of both enterprises and employees.

Can multimedia replace travel to learn about the local culture? Some people claim that multimedia like books, films, and the Internet can replace the travel to play a role of absorbing other culture. In my view, I partly agree with this argument. First of all, undoubtedly, acquiring knowledge of foreign culture by multimedia is more convenient and cost-effective than by travel. Nowadays there have all kinds of movies, books, and information can be transfer easily, we can study the difference of countries just at home, compare to we need to pay expensive air ticket and take a long time journey to know a little local custom actually. Secondly, we might face some risks if we go to some local place. For example, the Tibet tour might not suit every one respect to the highland climate. Conversely, we can learn the Tibet culture via documentary, which is more safety. On the other hand, it should also be considered that the travel experience can give us a real and impressive feel about the local culture. For instance, it might be hard to precisely describe the hospitably of Thailand citizens unless you go to the local. Similarly, only get to the local you can touch with the local creatures with your real body feelings. By summarize, there both have advantages and disadvantages for learning about other cultures indoors and outdoors. Although it has a lot of superiority for learning other cultures by multimedia, it is still unable to replace travel experience by multimedia, since traveling can bring up a unique and special experience about the local culture.

Machines replace human labor Today, it shows a trend that plenty of physical jobs could be replaced by intelligent machines. In my view, the pros are more than its cons. It is no doubt that as more and more works can be done by machines, it will lead some people to lose their job opportunities. For example, there are some restaurants start to introduce robots to service their customers and deliver order foods, which can dramatically reduce the requirement of waiters and waitresses. In addition, some people might complain that the robots’ services lack humanization with only cold and fixed commands, and it is not convenient for them to ask for some special requests on unusual occasions. On the other hand, I will argue that there will have more valuable works that should be performed by humans. We are at the age of high-level education, and there are a lot of creative and innovative jobs need to investigate by human instead of machines, because machines have no thought and idea. Moreover, with the help of machines, we transfer tremendous tedious works to machines labor. For example, we do not need to calculate the dull formula via an intelligent calculator, which actually is more precise. In addition, many physical works can be finished in a more efficient way. For instance, the recognition of license number on roads can be done easily and quickly by computer analysis nowadays. In a nutshell, from my perspective, I will agree that its positive effects more significant than negative effects with the more common appearance of machines workforce in workplaces.