For linguists and polyglots: every comparison this course has made, gathered into one recording and organised by feature. Word order, postpositions, the dative experiencer, inclusive and exclusive 'we', agglutination, converb chaining, relative participles, the quotative, retroflex sounds, vowel length, the negative verb, and the rational/non-rational noun split. For each feature you hear which languages share it, from Japanese and Turkish to Finnish and Quechua. The argument running through it all: on most of these features, English is the odd one out, not Malayalam. Words and phrases in this class: എനിക്ക് പനിയുണ്ട് (enikku paniyundu) – I have a fever (lit. to me there is fever) നമ്മൾ (nammal) – we (including you) ഞങ്ങൾ (njangal) – we (not including you) ഇല്ല (illa) – is not there (a negative verb) അല്ല (alla) – is not (that thing) വീടിന്റെ പിന്നിൽ (veedinte pinnil) – behind the house ഇന്നലെ വന്ന ആൾ (innale vanna aal) – the person who came yesterday എന്ന് (ennu) – quotative marker കഴിച്ചിട്ട് പോയി (kazhichittu poyi) – ate and then left പഠിക്കുകയായിരുന്നു (padikkukayaayirunnu) – was studying ഴ (zha) – the retroflex approximant sound In this class: • Verb-final order and postpositions: one feature, not two • The dative experiencer that English lost around the sixteenth century • Inclusive 'we', the negative verb and the quotative across languages • The genuine rarities that make Malayalam stand out Quizzes below. Dr. Reshmi R Nair — SpeakMalayalam.