A common mistake in spoken Chinese : The complement of result with “能” A common mistake in spoken Chinese : The complement of result with “能” 汉语口语常见错误：当结果补语遇到“能” If there is some mistake all my stud

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李灵 Li Ling

A common mistake in spoken Chinese : The complement of result with “能” A common mistake in spoken Chinese : The complement of result with “能” 汉语口语常见错误：当结果补语遇到“能” If there is some mistake all my students will make, it must be these sentence: 我不能听见你。(我听不见你。correct) 我不能看见你。（我看不见你。correct）我不能说好汉语。（我说不好汉语correct）你听我？（你能听到我么？correct）你看我？（你能看到我么？correct） Why did they make the same mistake? I think about that for a long time. In my opinion that may because of the method the teacher used to teach and the meaning of character are not totally the same as English words. Many teacher like to use some formula for sentence pattern to make it easy for foreign students. But no matter how precise the formulate it is there will be an exception. So here I want to talk about such kind of question: the complementary of result with “能”。 1 结果补语 the complement of result A complementary element following a verb predicate, indicating the result of an action. Verb-complementary of result: 看见听见看完写完学会听懂记住站住吃完喝完 The first character is a verb it shows the main meaning，the action, the second character is also a verb, but it is used to indicating the result of the first verb. Sentences with complement of result. 我看见你了。--negative form 1 我看不见你。/ negative form 2 我没看见你。我听见你说话了。--negative form 1我听不见你说话。/ negative form 2我没听见你说话。我看完书了。--negative form 1我看不完书。/ negative form 2我没看完书。我写完作业了。--negative form 1我写不完作业。 / negative form 2我没写完作业。我学会汉语了。--negative form 1我学不会汉语。/ negative form 2我没学会汉语。我听懂你的话了。--negative form 1 我听不懂你的话。/ negative form 2我没听懂你说的话我记住这个汉字了。--negative form 1 我记不住这个汉字。/ negative form 2我没记住这个汉字。我吃完饭了。--negative form 我吃不完饭。/ negative form 2我没吃完饭。 Negative form 1 means I can not do something because some reason. Negative form 2 focus on the result. For example: negative form 1 我看不见你。If you speak loudly I can here. negative form 2 我没看见你。I just see nothing. 我学不会汉语。It means I can not learn Chinese, maybe it is because you don’t have the gift. 我没学会汉语。It means I did not master it, maybe you have learned for one day or one year. The result is you did not know Chinese by now. But if you learn it for another year or from other teacher. The result will be different.

31 mei 2015 14:24

Correcties · 2

does this cross over into the topic of so-called 'separable verbs? given that this is an instructive article of Chinese grammar/usage I am reluctant to make any English corrections ...

2 juni 2015

能加结果补语能with complementary of result. 你能看见我吗？ ---affirmative form能，我能看见（你）。 --negative form 不能，我看不见（你）。你能听见我说话么？ --affirmative form能，我能听见（你）。 --negative form 不能，我听不见你（你）。你能看完书么？ --affirmative form能，我能看完。 --negative form 不能，我看不完。你能写完作业么？ --affirmative form能，我能写完。 --negative form 不能，我写不完。你能学会汉语么？ --affirmative form能，我能学会。 --negative form 不能，我学不会。你能听懂我说话么？ --affirmative form能，我能听懂。 --negative form 不能，我听不懂。你能记住这个汉字么？ --affirmative form能，我能记住。 --negative form 不能，我记不住。 In these sentences，you can not say 我不能听见/看见…… Because 你能看见/听见。。。。。吗？ it is want to know the result。But you can not use the negative 2，没。。。。。 because your answer is emphasized you can not. But there still are some circumstance you can use the sentence “你不能”+verb。 For example：你不能进去。你不能说出答案。 In these sentences “不能”means forbid. By now I hope you can understand me because my English is limited. For you to understand well, I will give some scene. Scene 1: You walked with your friend on the street. Then your friend told you he saw shakira, but you did not see her. So here is the conversation: ----我看见夏奇拉了，你看见了么？ ----我没看见。 Scene 2： You walked with your friend on the street. Then your friend told you someone was calling your name. So here is the conversation: ---我听见有人在喊你。你听见了么？ ---我没听见。 ---你再仔细听……能听见么？ ---还是听不见。 Scene 3： You walked with your friend on the street. Then you saw a beautiful flower. Your friend want to pick up one to wear. So here is the conversation: ---花好漂亮！我能摘一朵么？ ---你不能摘。

31 mei 2015

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