This expression is used to say it was the last time something was happened.
In this case, it means 1st of the month was the last time his news was been reported; in other words, the news about him has not been reported since the 1st of the month.
It is used like this:
今月の1日をを最後に会社を辞めます。
今月の1日を最後に彼らに会っていません。