It means when you don't agree and you have different opinions from one person and then another - like a game of tennis with discussions.

It means that people participate and share their views, particularly when there are different views. The people who hold one view share and talk, then the ones holding the other view comment on it, and then the others comment again, etc. It means that there is a continual sharing of both views even though they are different, to discuss them both thoroughly. That you don't just stop as soon as you have a disagreement, but that you keep discussing it back and forth to try to find the right solution.

It means that the discussion is never dominated by any single point of view, but keeps shifting... back and forth... between two or more points of view. In a literal sense, "argument" means much the same thing--a discussion that goes in a circle or "arc" to cover the same ground again and again. But it has acquired the connotation of being heated, hostile, or quarrelsome.