1. Purpose is a noun used to describe WHY something is the way it is/ WHY something is happening. It is also used to describe WHAT something is supposed to do. The PURPOSE of a pencil sharpener is to sharpen pencils. The purpose of practicing to play the violin is to get better at it. A Goal is a noun to describe an objective for a task/ the desired end results. The GOAL of a soccer game is to get more scores than the opposing team. My GOAL in life is to become an artist. To sum it up, purpose is the reason for something and goal is the desired outcome. 2. An adjective is not required to go in front of either word, but can be used to add emphasis or detail. 3. For Purpose, something can "fulfill its purpose". I wouldn't use "meet". ex. "he fulfilled his purpose, the enemy is distracted". Here, who ever "he" may be, "he" fulfilled the purpose, which was distracting the enemy. For Goal it's best to use "achieved". This is because goals are something that you strive for, and to "achieve" something is to get it. ex. "I die happy knowing that I achieved all of my goals in life", or "Bob achieved his goal of climbing Mount Everest" Hope this helps. Best of luck with your studies!

The two words are close in meaning but they have different nuances of what is focused upon. "Goal" is the end result that you desire. It is typically rather narrow and can be quantifiably achieved (i.e: my goal is to write a book) "Purpose" is more similar to intention, why you are doing so. It has a more grand scope than a goal (i.e: your purpose in life). For example, "the sole purpose of the committee is to decide what to do" talks about why the committee exists. "The sole goal of the committee is decide what to do" talks about what the committee wants to achieve.