Which sentence is correct? Or are they both correct? Any subtle difference?
1. A sentence typically consisits of two parts: subject and predicate.
2. A sentence typically contains two parts: subject and predicate.

Question

Answer

Both sentences are correct.

The subtle difference is that "consists" is used for an exhaustive (i.e., definite) description of a set—that the subject described has only these many parts present in it. When "contain" is used, the subject described may include other parts not mentioned.

I want to emphasize this is a very subtle difference and not something to get hung up on—all native English speakers will understand both equally.

Answer

I just have a thought.
Punctuation is part of a sentence, but it is not either subject or predicate. When considering this, the sentence 2 is correct.

Answer

Both sentences are correct.

The subtle difference is that "consists" is used for an exhaustive (i.e., definite) description of a set—that the subject described has only these many parts present in it. When "contain" is used, the subject described may include other parts not mentioned.

I want to emphasize this is a very subtle difference and not something to get hung up on—all native English speakers will understand both equally.