Hi Emar, Evie ran the marathon in 4 hours, cheered on by family and friends. You can 'cheer on' a person, so because the 'on' is there, that's the clue as to why it's cheer. The coordinator decided to place Oliver in a children's project as he lived sports. Are you sure it's 'lived sports' and not 'loved sports'?

The second sentence sounds odd, I wonder if we have the complete text. In any case, we know which choice fits. It applies to an organization of people. A job, a role, or a position can be called a "place." When a person is being given a position in an organization, we say they have been "placed." "The university is proud of the fact that 74% of its engineering graduates have been placed in jobs within 3 months of program completion." The words "set" and "lay" are not used that way.

In the first question, the key is the word "on." You just have to know the phrasal verb, "to cheer on." All of the following would be correct English, but the word "on" means that "cheered" is the only one that fits. "Evie ran the marathon in four hours, cheered on by family and friends." "Evie ran the marathon in four hours, and her family and friends all clapped." "Evie ran the marathon in four hours, and was applauded by family and friends." "Evie ran the marathon in four hours, and was congratulated by family and friends." She was cheered on while she was running. Hearing her friends cheers energized her. She ran faster because she was cheered on. "Applauding" means an audience is showing that they like a performer. The most common form of applause is "clapping hands," or "clapping" for short. "Congratulations" are made afterwards. It is a good translation of "felicidades." In the passive voice, "by" is used with "applaud" and "congratulate" if you want to say who was applauded or congratulate. "After winning, her friends congratulated Evie." (Active voice) "After winning, Evie was congratulated." (Passive voice, we don't know who congratulated Evie). "After winning, Evie was congratulated by her friends." (Passive voice, we know who congratulated Evie).

‘To be cheered on’ is to be encouraged while you are doing something. Applause and congratulations have the sense of acknowledging what someone has already done. ‘Clapping’ here refers to the mechanical act of hitting your hands together, and, by itself is neutral. They clapped politely/tepidly/enthusiastically etc