It's good to know for Iranian that there is a word in English that has a same meaning in Persian.That word is "khaki". You know that we have a color in Persian named " خاكي" (khaki)and we also have a same color in English named "khaki"!
Do you know about the other such interesting words?
No, I know of no other word.
I guess khaki emigrated with the Moghul emperors to India and Afganistan where the British army picked it up and transported it back to the UK and hence to America, Australia and New Zealand.
Then I checked wiki. The list of words are not generally used in English (it looks like the editors have gone a bit crazy, especially with British Army slang) but maybe "paradise" and "lemon" deserve to be included.
These words can be also categorized among the disscused vocables:
Jargon = jar-gon = زرگون
The suffix "-gon" is also used in other words like "pentagon" (پنج ضلعی گونه).
Origin of some basic words are a little difficult to discover. "New" is one of them. It is also used in Azeri and Russian by "Nov".
Some words should be compared with Latin or Greek origin:
is = est (Latin) = ast (است)
Sum = summare (Latin) = ثمر
Ocean = oceanus (Latin) = okeanos (Greek) = اقیانوس
In some cases, a comparison with root is surprising:
Senile, Senator, Senior
The root for all of these words is "sean (old)" in Irish, "سن" in Persian, "sin" in Azeri, and "son" in Uzbek.
Definitely, inverse cases are possible too:
Canon = قانون
= cane + -one
and "cane (عصا)" is used in composition of other common words like "canal" and "channel", i.e., کانال.
... and , in some cases the application is a little different:
Bark (the outer covering of tree) = برگ (leaf of tree)
نه and Nah have the same meaning and pronounciation.
I've also thought about نو and new. The two words mean the same thing. Their pronounciation is somehow close as well.