If you're using Microsoft Word, you can insert those characters as symbols. Or you can type "character map" in the search box of your computer's Start menu and select and copy the characters from the character map. (That is, if you don't need to use those characters often.)

You can't. You have to install the appropriate language keyboard. Or you can find an online one.

Here's a university website that explains the character map that may be available on your computer: http://tlt.its.psu.edu/suggestions/international/accents/charmap.html If you're in Microsoft Word, then go to the Insert menu where you'll find all kinds of symbols.