1. You could say "I will give you the information below," but I agree with @Anuta, better is to say:"Please find the information below." However, I would probably say: "Please see the information below." or "Please reference the information provided."
2. I am sending you an email. (or "e-mail" either one is fine) Please read and respond at your earliest convenience. (or "as soon as possible.")
Or maybe this is more what you meant: "I'm sending you an email. To read it, you should be able to find it in your inbox." (but unless you are teaching someone how to use email, I'm not sure why you would say this.)
3. If they don't go by weight but by size say: "How big can my carry-on luggage be for the CX plane?" or if weight is an issue say: "How heavy can my carry-on luggage be for the CX plane?"
4.@Anuta's answer is great. Or: "How long does it take (you) to get to London from Brighton by train?"
5. I think what you mean by inverse is: "I would like to order a hamburger meal to go."
Sorry if it's confusing. Hope it helps!