Is there a difference in Hebrew?
1) between "book" (regular) and "book" / "exercise book" (where students make notes) ?
2) between "bag" (regular) and "bag" / "rucksack" / "backpack" (that you were on your back, obviously) ?

Thanks!

Question

Is there a difference in Hebrew?
1) between "book" (regular) and "book" / "exercise book" (where students make notes) ?
2) between "bag" (regular) and "bag" / "rucksack" / "backpack" (that you were on your back, obviously) ?

Thanks!

Answer

ספר- книга
חוברת - workbook/учебник
מחברת- тетрадь

תיק- bag
תיק גב -backpack - рюкзак 
תרמיל - a big backpack bag that people take on big trips

However, you should keep in mind that when using colloquial language just using תיק for all three meanings is definitely fine