it's tough cuz i keep finding new ways to use old particles. they're a weird concept when english doesn't have quite anything similar.
here's what i have that's closest.
de=using, or with a tool, etc. "enpitsu de tegami wo kakimasu" is "to write the letter with the pencil"
wo=marks a direct object
ga= marks a topic
wa=marks a subject--and i'm not quite sure how to explain how this is different from a topic but there are certain circumstances when you cannot use ga and others when only ga is used.....
"hon ga arimasu" is "to have a book", but you would never say "wa arimasu"...unless it's "dewa arimasen" which is the negative form of "arimasu" or, to have. so...it's just a big web of stuff that you'll just have to keep trying to discover...
to=used as a "quotation mark" and also as "and"
"watashi wa kashiko desu" to iimasu would be "i am kashiko" (she) said.
"hon to enpitsu wo motte imasu" is "holding a book and a pencil"
....let's see...
no=posessive. like a 's
"watashi no ie" is my house, "kare no isu" is his chair
so...how about "kare no ie ni ikimashita. ima, bangohan wo tabemasu."
went to his house. now, eat dinner.
found more.
ni/he=going places. although ni is different from he (just pronounced "e") because...of...something complicated.
did i miss any? there's a lot........ let me know! <3