Clinical Trials in Developing Countries – China and India Q: Why are pharmaceutical companies increasingly shifting their clinical drug trials to developing countries? A: They are doing it simply because it is cheaper. Past experience has shown that cost reductions of up to 75% can occur if they implement trials through companies in developing countries There are other reasons of course - China and India have dense populations so pharmaceutical companies are able to find enough patients for the trials in a shorter time. 问：请问，为什么越来越多地制药公司会选择把临床试验转移到发展中的国家？ 答：两个字，便宜。过去的经验说明了，通过在发展中国家的公司执行实验的话总拥有成本可以减少高达75%。 当然还存在其它原因 – 中国和印度都拥有稠密的人口，这样的话，制药公司能在更短的时间内找出它所需要的患者。 Q: Why are China and India popular locations for clinical trials? A: Unfortunately in developing countries, there are laws but they are not very well implemented. The regulation over the trials, the functioning of the ethics committees and the regulatory body, are too lax. It is estimated that within the next ten years, one third of the worlds clinical trials will be held in India, the figures look similar for China. 问：请问，在中国和印度做临床实验怎么会那么流行？ 答：可惜的是在发展中的国家，法律是有的，可是它们贯彻就差了一点。 试验的管理，包括伦理会和监察当局的功能，实在是太松懈的。有人预测，在十年内，1/3世界上的临床试验都会在印度执行，中国的预示也差不多。 Q: What kind of people participate in clinical trials in developing countries? A: I think they are very desperate people. They either have terminal diseases or they have no way of getting health care due to financial reasons. So these are the most vulnerable people and they are being used for the trials. That’s what bothers me the most. 问：请问，怎样的人会参加临床试验？ 答：我想，应该是比较绝望的人。可能是得了不可治愈的疾病，也有可能是他们因为没有钱而得不到医疗保健. 这些最脆弱的人被利用了。 这是最令我生气的事。 Q: Why are the authorities in developing countries unable to control the situation? A: They don’t have good scientists, they don’t have enough inspectors who can cover the whole country. But the worst thing in every developing country are the corrupt authorities. There is too much corruption. 问：请问，这些发展中国家的政府当局为什么无法控制局势？ 答：他们缺少科学家和足够，能够覆盖整个国家的检查员。但在发展中的国家，最糟糕的是腐败的权威。太多腐败。 Q: What do clinical trials in developing countries have to do with European/American citizens? A: A lot, of course. If trials are done in an unethical manner, in violation of human rights then any person who used those drugs would be benefiting from other peoples’ suffering. So it is important for all the developed countries to ensure that no human rights are violated during the course of all trials. 问：请问，在中国家执行的临床试验与欧美公民有什么关系？ 达： 当然有关系。 如果实验是在一个不道德的情况下完成的话，即违反人权，那么使用那些药物的患者将会从受苦的人得收益。因此各个发达国家必须保证在全部的实验当中没有任何人权是违反的。 Q: What are you fighting for? A: We are fighting for three things, to put it briefly. The first is that the clinical trials in developing countries should be relevant to their needs. The second is that during the course of the trials, no human rights are violated. And the third is that if the trial is successful, the developed drug should be made available in the developed country, at a price that they can afford. 问：请问，你为什么而战？ 答：简单地说，我们为三件事而战。第一就是，将来的临床试验要根据发展中国家的需要而进行。第二，在实验的过程当中，没有任何人权可违反的。第三，如果实验成功，新的药物该在那个发展中国家供给当地的人民,在他们能买得起的价格使用。 Yes it’s true, clinical trials are needed in order to combat new diseases as well finding better ways to combat old diseases, so we can’t just stop clinical trials. But still, the big companies will stay and use people’s needs to create business, that also can’t be stopped. All we can do is to regulate it properly, create better guidelines so that profits never compromise the science and ethics. 没错，为了治疗新的疾病和找出更好的治现在的疾病方法，我们需要做临床实验，因此我们不能停止做临床试验。问题是，这些大的公司会一直存在并一直会为了引起生意利用普通人民的需要，这也无法停下来。我们只能尽量通过规则建立秩序，以便确保收益永远不会损害科学与伦理。麻烦各位帮我修改如上的翻译（中文）。 越专业越好！ 谢谢