1：我下课去找你啊！    我下了课以后去找你啊！
2：下课以后我去图书馆。   下了课以后我去图书馆。
3：她结婚以后就不工作了。   她结了婚以后就不工作了。
4：我知道她不喜欢我。    我已经知道了，她不喜欢我。
口语中可不用“了”，因为句中有“以后”表状态完成。如果要表示强调，要加“了”。

喵喵说汉语---HSK 4

“了”可用可不用的情况

Charlotte la marmotte
Charlotte est paresseuse et très lente. Pour son anniversaire, ses amis ont préparé un énorme gâteau, garni de dix bougies. Le soir venu, tout le monde se rassemble dans la clairière. La marmotte s'approche du gâteau…
Deux heures plus tard, elle n'a encore éteint que deux bougies! L'assemblée s'impatiente et les plus jeunes s'endorment déjà. Il est minuit quand Charlotte souffle la cinquième bougie. Monsieur Hibou est le seul à garder les yeux ouverts…

Des Milliers D'histoires

Histoire 49 - Charlotte la marmotte

like [Native speaker] #learnthai #thailanguage 00_00_07-00_03_06

Thai for Everyone with Kru Robert

Ep.16 Learn Thai _ how to pronounce ใกล้(near) VS ไกล(far) 

Plurales irregulares racionales en árabe. Escucha esta lista de cómo pasar de un sustantivo singular a un plural irregular. 

Aprende árabe con Radia 

جمع التكسير : (Human Plurals)  القواعد

こんにちは! Today's topic is Japanese abbreviation (like the shortcut of vocabularies). It's not just コンビニ(konbini)!

Usage of Slow Japanese:
STEP 1. Listen to the episode without seeing scripts.
STEP 2. Go to mochifika.com/podcast/ and check "Key vocabularies of this episode", listen again to the episode while seeing the list.
STEP 3. Check the whole script, it'll fill the gap in your understanding.

Scripts, key vocabularies and flashcards set of this episode are here:
https://www.patreon.com/posts/slow-japanese-26-63570738?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copy_to_clipboard&utm_campaign=postshare

Slow Japanese

Episode #26 - Japanese abbreviation

In questa puntata vediamo la storia della nutella, la crema spalmabile più famosa d'Italia. 
Ecco parte del testo:

La Nutella® è una crema spalmabile inventata in Italia nel 1964 e oggi famosa in tutto il mondo. La Nutella nasce nelle colline delle Langhe, in Piemonte, dove c'è l'ingrediente principale: la nocciola.  La Nutella piace a tutti, bambini, ragazzi e adulti. Inoltre si mangia in ogni momento della giornata: al mattino a colazione, al pomeriggio a merenda e alla sera come dolce.  Qual è il motivo del suo grande successo? Ripercorriamo l'incredibile storia di questo famoso prodotto italiano.  Siamo ad Alba, in Piemonte, subito dopo la seconda guerra mondiale. A quel tempo è molto difficile trovare il cacao, ma il pasticcere Pietro Ferrero, nel suo laboratorio di dolci, riesce a trasformare questo problema in una grande opportunità. Pietro inventa una pasta dolce con poco cacao, zucchero e nocciole, raccolte in abbondanza in queste terre. Nel 1946 nasce l'antenato della Nutella: il Giandujot. Ha la forma di un panetto1 avvolto dalla carta stagnola, è solido e può essere tagliato a fette da mettere sul pane. Pietro lo chiama il "dolce degli umili", cioè il dolce di quelle persone modeste come operai, muratori, contadini, che nell'ora della colazione possono comprarlo a basso costo e mangiarlo in mezzo a due fette di pane. L'estate del 1949 però è particolarmente .....

Italiano espresso

Storia della nutella


The boardroom. A crucial client meeting. A high-stakes sales call. These scenarios demand clear and confident communication. Here are five best practices to elevate your language and project unwavering self-belief:

Power Verbs:  Replace wishy-washy verbs with action-oriented ones. Instead of saying, "We could explore this new marketing strategy," say, "We will implement this data-driven strategy to boost brand awareness by 20%." This injects decisiveness and ownership into your message.

Be Specific:  Unspecific claims lack impact.  Instead of "Our product is the best," showcase its strengths with data. Say, "Our software boasts a 98% customer satisfaction rate and a 25% reduction in processing time compared to competitors." Specifics build trust and credibility.

Direct Address: Engage your audience directly. Ditch phrases like "I think" or "in my opinion." Say, "We can deliver this project on time and within budget." This conveys authority and ownership of your ideas.

Positive Framing: Focus on the strengths of your solutions.  Instead of, "This plan might have a tight deadline," say, "This fast-track approach allows for agility and capitalizes on current market trends." Highlighting positives reassures and motivates your audience.

Conciseness is Key: Eliminate unnecessary words and filler phrases.  Instead of, "We believe that this approach might be a good way to proceed," say, "We propose this solution to achieve optimal results." Concise communication delivers a clear message and maximizes impact.

I use confident language every day with my clients. I also use it with family, friends and any chance I get. Many of us use language that is unclear or passive habitually, without intent or purpose. 

One of the first habits I work on with my clients is the overuse of - I think, maybe, and I don't know. 

Start being aware of the phrases that you use, especially at the beginning and end of your sentences. 


The Global Professional Podcast

The 5 Best Practices of Confident Language - EP 31

In this episode I will be giving you my own answer based on what ideas I'll have. Please hear me do this and try to catch the method I am using behind answering this question and if you want - send me a message with your answer and I'l give you some feedback as well. 

See you in next episodes and in my private classes.