1. ここ (koko), そこ (soko), あそこ (asoko ここ= "here" (near the speaker) そこ =there" (near the listener) あそこ = over there" (far from both) 2. 「そこはエレベーターです。」 -"That is the elevator."→ "That" is used because **そこ** refers to a location near the listener. 4.どこ (doko) vs. どちら (dochira) どこ = "where" (casual) どちら= "where" (polite) / "which direction" / "which one" (between two choices) - Example: トイレはどこですか？** → "Where is the toilet?" (casual) トイレはどちらですか？** → "Where is the toilet?" (polite)