Découvrez comment utilisé correctement, l'imprafait, le passé composé et le plus-que-parfait.

Edmond FLE

Les temps du passé

From this episode, we are going to learn how to read time.

點dím/dim2 ( o‘clock)
分fān/ fan1（minute）
半bun/ bun3（half）
字jih/ zi6（5 minutes）

1.	5:00：五點（鐘）
ńgh dím( jūng) /ng5 dim2( zung1)

2.	2:37 兩點三十七分
léuhng dím sāam sahp chāt fān/ loeng5 dim2 saam1 sap6 cat1 fan1

3.	7:30：七點半chāt dím bun/ cat1 dim2 bun3   

4.	4:05 : 四點一個字sei dím yāt go jih/ sei3 dim2 jat1 go3 zi6
or 四點一sei dím yāt/ sei3 dim2 jat1
or四點零五分sei dím lìhng ńgh fān / sei3 dim2 ling4 ng5 fan1

而家幾（多）點呀？(What time is it now?)
yìh gā géi( dō) dím a?
ji4 gaa1 gei2( do1) dim2 aa3?

而家八點。(It is 8 o’clcok.)
yìh gā baat dím. 
ji4 gaa1 baat3 dim2.

Practice：
3:00   5:30   4:48   9:35   


Daliy Conversations for Cantonese (粵語會話）

11. Reading Time（讀時間）part1

on today’s lesson，we will learn more about date.

前日chìhn yaht/ cin4 jat6（the day before yesterday）
尋日chàhm yaht /cam4 jat6（yesterday）
今日gām yaht/gam1 jat6 （today）
聽日tīng yaht/ting1 jat6（tomorrow）
後日 hauh yaht/ hau6 jat6（the day after tomorrow）

前日係幾多號呀？ 
chìhn yaht haih géi dō houh a?
cin4 jat6 hai6 gei2 do1 hou6 aa3?
（What was the date of the day before yesterday?）

尋日幾多度呀？(What was the temperature yesterday?)
chàhm yaht géi dō douh a? 
cam4 jat6 gei2 do1 dou6 aa3?

聽日天氣點呀？(What is the weather like tomorrow？)
tīng yaht tīn hei dím a? 
ting1 jat6 tin1 hei3 dim2 aa3?

後日係星期幾呀？(What day is it the day after tomorrow?)
hauh yaht haih sīng kèih géi a? 
hau6 jat6 hai6 sing1 kei4 gei2 aa3?

The questions from the beginning of this episode:
今日天氣點呀？
今日幾多度呀
今日係星期幾呀？
今日係幾多號呀？


10. Ask about Date（日期）part2

On this episode， we are going to learn how to talk about date.
Q:今日係幾（多）號呀？(What’s the date today?)
gām yaht haih géi( dō) houh a?
gam1 jat6 hai6 gei2( do1) hou6 aa3?
A:今日係三月十九號。(Today is March 19th)
gām yaht haih sāam yuht sahp gáu houh.
gam1 jat6 hai6 saam1 jyut6 sap6 gau2 hou6.

Months: (January to December)
一月、二月、三月、四月、五月、六月、
yāt yuht, yih yuht, sāam yuht, sei yuht, ńgh yuht, luhk yuht,
jat1 jyut6, ji6 jyut6, saam1 jyut6, sei3 jyut6, ng5 jyut6, luk6 jyut6,
七月、八月、九月、十月、十一月、十二月
chāt yuht, baat yuht, gáu yuht, sahp yuht, sahp yāt yuht, sahp yih yuht
cat1 jyut6, baat3 jyut6, gau2 jyut6, sap6 jyut6, sap6 jat1 jyut6, sap6 ji6 jyut6

Days of the month:
一號、二號、三號、四號……三十一號（from 1st - 31st ）
yāt houh, yih houh, sāam houh, sei houh…… sāam sahp yāt houh
jat1 hou6, ji6 hou6, saam1 hou6, sei3 hou6…… saam1 sap6 jat1 hou6

Q:今日係星期幾呀？(What day is it?)
  gām yaht haih sīng kèih géi a?
  gam1 jat6 hai6 sing1 kei4 gei2 aa3?

今日係禮拜幾呀？
gām yaht haih láih baai géi a?
gam1 jat6 hai6 lai5 baai3 gei2 aa3?

A:今日係星期（禮拜）六。(Today is Saturday.)
gām yaht haih sīng kèih( láih baai) luhk.
gam1 jat6 hai6 sing1 kei4( lai5 baai3) luk6.

Days of the week: （Monday to Sunday）
星期一、星期二、星期三、星期四、星期五、星期六、星期日
sīng kèih yāt, sīng kèih yih, sīng kèih sāam, sīng kèih sei, sīng kèih ńgh, sīng kèih luhk, sīng kèih yaht
sing1 kei4 jat1, sing1 kei4 ji6, sing1 kei4 saam1, sing1 kei4 sei3, sing1 kei4 ng5, sing1 kei4 luk6, sing1 kei4 jat6

禮拜一、禮拜二…… 禮拜日
láih baai yāt, láih baai yih …… láih baai yaht
lai5 baai3 jat1, lai5 baai3 ji6……  lai5 baai3 jat6


9.Ask about Date（日期）part1

On this episode, we will keep learning the useful sentences for talking about weather.

今日行雷。( It will be thundering today.)
gām yaht hàahng lèuih.
gam1 jat6 haang4 leoi4.

今日有雷暴/有颱風/有颶風/有龍捲風。
gām yaht yáuh lèuih bouh/ yáuh tòih fūng/ yáuh geuih fūng/ yáuh lùhng gyún fūng. 
gam1 jat6 jau5 leoi4 bou6/ jau5 toi4 fung1/ jau5 geoi6 fung1/ jau5 lung4 gyun2 fung1.
(Today there will be a thunderstorm/ typhoon/hurricane/tornado.) 

會wúih/wui5（will/would）
聽日會落雨。（It will be raining tomorrow.）
tīng yaht wúih lohk yúh.
ting1 jat6 wui5 lok6 jyu5.

後日會有霧。(It will be foggy the day after tomorrow)
hauh yaht wúih yáuh mouh.
hau6 jat6 wui5 jau5 mou6.

今日會有雷暴。(Today there will be a thunderstorm.)
gām yaht wúih yáuh lèuih bouh.
gam1 jat6 wui5 jau5 leoi4 bou6.

Q:今日幾多度呀？(What is the temperature today?)
gām yaht géi dō douh a?
gam1 jat6 gei2 do1 dou6 aa3?

A:今日二十度。(Today is 20 degrees.)
gām yaht yih sahp douh.
gam1 jat6 ji6 sap6 dou6.

一 二   三  四  五  六  七  八  九  十 (1-10)
yāt yih sāam sei ńgh luhk chāt baat gáu sahp
jat1 ji6 saam1 sei3 ng5 luk6 cat1 baat3 gau2 sap6

十一、十二、十三、十四（11-14）
sahp yāt, sahp yih, sahp sāam, sahp sei
sap6 jat1, sap6 ji6, sap6 saam1, sap6 sei3


How is the weather today?（天氣狀況）part2

On this episode, you are going to learn the useful sentences for talking about weather.

今日天氣點呀？ （How is the weather like today?）
gām yaht tīn hei dím a?
gam1 jat6 tin1 hei3 dim2 aa3? 

今日天氣好好/幾好/唔係幾好。
gām yaht tīn hei hóu hóu/ géi hóu/ m̀h haih géi hóu.
gam1 jat6 tin1 hei3 hou2 hou2/ gei2 hou2/ m4 hai6 gei2 hou2.
The weather is good./ quite good./ not very good.

今日好凍。(Today is cold.)
gām yaht hóu dung.
gam1 jat6 hou2 dung3.

今日好熱。(Today is hot.)
gām yaht hóu yiht. 
gam1 jat6 hou2 jit6.

今日唔凍唔熱。（Today is neither cold nor hot.）
gām yaht m̀h dung m̀h yiht.
gam1 jat6 m4 dung3 m4 jit6.

今日多雲。(Today is cloudy.)
gām yaht dō wàhn. 
gam1 jat6 do1 wan4.

今日有雨/落雨。(Today is rainy.)
gām yaht yáuh yúh/lohk yúh. 
gam1 jat6 jau5 jy5/lok6 jyu5.

今日有霧。(Today is foggy.)
gām yaht yáuh mouh. 
gam1 jat6 jau5 mou6.

今日落雪。(It is snowing today.)
gām yaht lohk syut.
gam1 jat6 lok6 syut3.

今日天晴，間中有雨。(Today is sunny, sometimes rainy.)
gām yaht tīn chìhng, gaan jūng yáuh yúh.
gam1 jat6 tin1 cing4, gaan3 zung1 jau5 jyu5.
