Good job! All are fine. Here are a few additional ways you could say it Time moves quicker than you might think. Time marches more rapidly than you realize. Time vapes in the blink of an eye. Time unrelentingly advances.

Time passes faster than you expect - would be my preference.

They're all OK, but I'd suggest adding 'by' e.g. Time goes by faster than you think.

Both make perfect sense. In my opinion it would flow better if you replaced "goes" with "moves."