5)기도하다/기도를 올리다 - 기도하다: pray: - 기도를 올리다: say a prayer to a higher being. * 올리다 has wide usages for presenting, saying, greeting, etc. directed toward someone one respects. (인사를 올리다. 말씀을 올리다) 6)의용/옷차림/복장 - 의용: This doesn't seem like a common word. 의복 is a common word for articles of clothes, a formal version of 옷. - 옷차림: 옷(clothes) + 차림(arrangement, decoration) => the appearance of one's attire. - 복장: attire; how one is dressed - more formal than the everyday word 옷차림. * So 의복 is the article itself, 옷차림 the appearance of them, and 복장 how one is dressed. - 그 여자는 야한 옷차림으로 나타났다: She showed up in a garish looking outfit. - 군대에는 엄격한 복장 관련 규율이 있다: The military has strict rules about attire. 7)이룩하다/세우다 - 이룩하다: achieve, succeed in building (something big and meaningful). Similar to 이루다 but more literary. - 세우다: build. erect/construct (an enterprise, institution, building, etc). * 이루다, 실현하다(realize), 성공하다, 성취하다(achieve), 달성하다(meet the goals) are loose synonyms. * 세우다, 건설하다(construct), 건립하다(erect, construct), 건축하다(build, construct) evolve around "build".

1)우울하다 /슬프다 - 우울하다: feel gloomy, sad, or depressed (may or may not have a reason). - 슬프다: sad (usually there is a specific reason). * 우울할 때는 정신과 병원을 찾거나 약을 머어요. 2)즐겁다/상쾌하다/유쾌하다 - 즐겁다: be/feel pleasant and happy. 오랜 친구를 만나서 마음이 즐겁다 (Feel happy seeing an old friend). - 상쾌하다: be/feel fresh and pleasant. 아침 바람이 상쾌하다 (The morning breeze is fresh). - 유쾌하다: be/feel pleasant and amused. 친구들과 유쾌한 식사를 했다 (Had a pleasant meal with friends). * 즐겁다 and 유쾌하다 are quite close, but 즐겁다 is used more widely. 3)원장 with similar words such as 사장님,회장님,.... - They depend on the type of institution they belong to. - 학원, 병원, 연구원: 원장(님). - 회사: 사장. For a large conglomerate, 회장 means the head of the entire group above the level of 사장. - 친목회(social group), 동문회(alumni association), 동호회(hobby group): 회장. * 학교(school): 교장, 연구소(research institute): 소장; 은행(bank): 은행장, 지점(branch): 지점장, etc. 4) (말, 수문 등을)옮기다 (수문 -> 추문) - 퍼뜨리다(spread, disseminate) is more natural than 옮기다. - 말을 퍼뜨리다/옮기다: spread a word/rumor (usually in a negative sense). - 추문을 퍼뜨리다/옮기다: spread a scandal/rumor. - 말을 [소식을] 전하다: spread the word [news] - neutral sense. 추문을 전하다 is not used. - 말이 퍼지다, 추문이 퍼지다: The word/scandal spreads.