The specific meaning is the same. There are slightly different implications though.
The first version sounds more demanding - so would typically be said by a parent, or a boss. People would typically add something like 'yet' at the end to make it a bit more polite, or 'have you managed to finish it'.
The second, as Michelle sort-of said, suggests that there was an implied deadline for the task. There is an implication (from the 'some time in the past' timing of the tense) that it should have been finished before the question is asked.