In this episode, we dive into four essential concepts for structuring sentences and ideas: Fact, Reason, Result, and Outcome. Plus, we’ll explore how to connect them across Past, Present, and Future tenses. Learn practical tips to organize your thoughts clearly and confidently in English conversations. Whether you’re explaining why something happened, describing the effects, or predicting outcomes, this episode gives you the tools to express yourself effectively. Perfect for improving both writing and speaking skills! Tune in now and start connecting your ideas like a pro!

LEARN BY LISTENING

HOW TO Build Longer Sentences

这集主要介绍汉语口语中“1.看您说的2.耳旁风3.后悔药”三个习惯用语的意思及用法。

A Course in Chinese Colloquial Idioms

How to use "1.看您说的2.耳旁风3.后悔药"

Learning to exchange contact information through dialogue

Business Chinese

How to exchange contact information in Chinese

This is the demonstration how to pronounce 21 Pinyin (Chinese Consonants) in standard

Who says Chinese is hard？ 谁说中文很难

Drills in Chinese Pinyin_ 21 consonants

Do you find it harder to be nice and cooperative when you're tired? You're not alone — and there's actually science behind that feeling.

Researchers in Italy looked at how being tired affected people's brains and the decisions they made.

They looked at a total of almost 450 people. The participants all started by doing a set of similar tasks for about 45 minutes — but for one group, the tasks were made much more difficult to make the participants mentally tired.

For example, the mentally tired group was given more difficult quiz questions to answer. And while everyone watched funny videos, the mentally tired group was told to try not to smile or laugh.

Participants then played several economic games that asked them to make decisions that would give different benefits to themselves and others, like deciding how to share points in a group.

It was found that mentally tired participants were much less likely to make cooperative decisions in the games. They were also more likely to choose "antisocial" and "spiteful" options — where they could, say, choose to use some of their own points to reduce someone else's points instead of using them to help themselves or the group.

Why did this happen?

Among the mentally tired group, the researchers found a much stronger increase in "slow-wave" activity in parts of the brain used for things like planning, paying attention, controlling emotions and understanding others. These "slow waves" are similar to the ones seen in our brains when we sleep.

The researchers said this increase in slow waves may explain tired participants' less cooperative decisions.

So when you're tired after a long day, you may be less nice because the parts of your brain you need to help you cooperate are actually going to sleep!

Practice Listening, Reading & Comprehension

Science of Spite: Why We're Meaner when We're Tired

Short story 「はなこさんの やすみのひ《 Hanako's holiday 》」
This is an original story I created.
This episode is N5 level.

I created a quiz on this episode.
After listening, please take the quiz!

Please use this audio for listening and shadowing practices.

☆Words☆
両親（りょうしん）ryōshin：parents
階段（かいだん）kaidan：stairs
運転手（うんてんしゅ）untenshu：driver
声（こえ）koe：voice

☆Grammar☆
・～へ･･･にいきます
・～ましょう
・～がすきです
・～があります／います

☆Script for this episode
The scripts (URL) are listed in the overview section of the channel.

☆Quiz for this episode
https://www.italki.com/quiz/set/4656?utm_source=copylink_share&utm_medium=share_content&utm_campaign=share_quiz


Simple Japanese Listening with Meg（めぐ）Smile

#13  Short story /  Hanako's holiday / storytelling // N5 Level

Money management is often the single greatest stressor for global professionals. This episode of The Global Professional Podcast provides a strategic framework for building a smart, multi-currency financial system. Learn how to avoid costly fees, get paid seamlessly, and create a banking strategy that moves as fast as you do, giving you control and confidence.

The Global Professional Podcast

Banking Without Borders - Episode 144

We all know that education is important however we also know that there are many things lacking in our academic life. Perhaps, schools should teach more practical things that will allow students to handle life better or be more successful after university life. Here are some subjects that schools must teach.

FLO TALKS 

SUBJECTS THAT SHOULD BE MANDATORY IN SCHOOLS

¡Hola a todos y bienvenidos a mi podcast Spanish with a Colombian coffee y en este episodio hablaré sobre la Navidad! Hoy te contaré sobre las fascinantes costumbres navideñas que se viven en Colombia, un país lleno de color, alegría y tradiciones.
En Colombia, la Navidad es una época mágica donde las familias se reúnen para celebrar con gran entusiasmo. Una de las tradiciones más representativas y es la novena, una serie de nueve noches de oración y canto para celebrar el nacimiento de Jesús. Cada noche, vecinos y amigos se reúnen en diferentes casas para compartir momentos de reflexión y alegría.
Entusiasmo: es un estado de ánimo muy alegre y de mucha emoción
In English is the noun enthusiasm and is related with an intense and eager enjoyment
La Navidad en Colombia también es sinónimo de música. Los villancicos se escuchan en cada rincón del país, desde las plazas hasta las casas. Canciones como "Mi Burrito Sabanero" se convierten en himnos que unen a grandes y pequeños en una misma melodía.
Melodía: es una secuencia de notas musicales
In English is the word melody and is a sequence of single notes that is musically satisfying
Y, por supuesto, no podemos olvidar la comida. En esta época, las mesas colombianas se llenan de delicias como la lechona, un cerdo relleno de arroz, cocinado con especias y cocido lentamente hasta que la piel se vuelve crujiente. También los buñuelos y la natilla.
buñuelos:  en una masa de harina frita con forma esférica
Natilla: es un flan de leche hecho a base de harina de maíz y sin huevo
Pero lo más importante es el espíritu de unidad y amor que hay en cada hogar colombiano. Las calles se iluminan con luces de colores, las casas se decoran con bellos pesebres y las familias se unen en torno a la fe y la esperanza.
Pesebre: es la representación del nacimiento de Jesús
In English is the word Nativity scene that is a special exhibition representing the birth of Jesus