In what places is 啥 used instead of 什么？
I am wondering what dialect 啥 comes from. Is it usual for people all over China to replace 什么 with 啥？

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啥shá is mainly used in north China and it's not a formal way of speech. 什么shénme is the formal translation of 'what' and it's used all over China.

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"啥"基本用于非正式场合，"什么"正式和非正式场合都可以用。另外"啥"是从方言开始慢慢流行开来的，在北方的某些地区，日常生活里基本都用"啥"来代替"什么"，例如"干什么？"用东北话说就是"干哈？"或者"干啥？"跟"什么"相比，"啥"的语气更诙谐。

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啥 is more casual that 什么

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山西等西北地区方言里也说"啥"，这种表达现在用得比较普遍了。