They are synonyms, but opportunity is more formal than chance. The only difference in using them is who you are communicating with. For example, if you wrote a business email or were giving a presentation (= a formal talk), you should use opportunity. If you were speaking to your friends and family, you would probably use chance. The meanings are the same, but we use them in different situations.

I think the différence between opprtunity and chance is chance we can do nothing when it arrives whereas opportunity must be provoked.

In many cases they are interchangeable. However, 'chance' sometimes suggests something that is unexpected and simply down to fate and good luck. When you are talking about careers, it's better to use the word 'opportunity' - 'chance' can sometimes sound a little selfish.